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1990s in video gaming
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===Stealth video games=== The ability to crawl under tight spaces and hide from enemies was introduced in ''[[Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake]]'' (1990). ''[[Metal Gear Solid]]'' (1998) was responsible for popularizing the stealth game genre. While stealth elements have been present in video games as far back as ''[[005]]'', a 1981 arcade game by SEGA, it was in the 1990s that the stealth game genre was established. [[Hideo Kojima|Hideo Kojima's]] ''Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake'' was released in 1990 for the [[MSX2]] and was a major improvement over its predecessor, ''[[Metal Gear]]'' (1987). ''Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake'' improved on the first game in many ways, including improved graphics, more player abilities (such as crouching, crawling into hiding spots, disguising in enemy uniforms and cardboard boxes, and distracting guards by knocking on surfaces), improved enemy AI (such as a greater field of vision, the ability to detect various noises, and a three-level security alert), and additions such as a radar, as well as a complex storyline. The game was only released for the MSX2 in Japan, however, which limited its accessibility to gamers in the US. An alternative ''Metal Gear'' sequel named ''[[Snake's Revenge]]'' was released for the [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] in the US instead, also in 1990. Kojima was not involved in the game's development, which was instead conducted by another Konami team. The result was a more action based game than previous instalments, and which is not part of the ''Metal Gear'' canon. 1998 is seen as a turning point in gaming history because of the release of ''Metal Gear Solid'', as well as ''[[Tenchu: Stealth Assassins]]'' and ''[[Thief: The Dark Project]].'' The ninja-themed game ''Tenchu: Stealth Assassins'' was released several months before ''Metal Gear Solid'', making it the first 3D stealth based-game.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gamesradar_40-0">[41]</sup> The highly anticipated ''Metal Gear Solid'' transformed its modestly successful franchise into a large mainstream success. The increased power of the PlayStation console over previous platforms allowed for greater immersion in terms of both story and game environment. ''Metal Gear Solid'' has been credited with popularizing the stealth genre. The core elements of these games, such as avoiding confrontation, minimizing noise, and attacking antagonists from "the shadows", influenced many future stealth game series.
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