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Duke Nukem (character)
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==Video games== ===First games=== [[File:Duke Nukem.gif|thumb|right|Duke Nukem in the original 1991 game]] Duke Nukem was initially created by in the late 1980s by chief programmer [[Todd Replogle]] of Apogee Software (now 3D Realms) as the protagonist for the video game he was designing entitled ''Metal Future'' set in the then near future of 1997. After hearing the character's name, producer and founder of Apogee, [[Scott Miller (programmer)|Scott Miller]], suggested the game should have the same name. Miller helped design the character around his thoughts about the name. Artwork was done by [[George Broussard]], Allen H. Blum III, and Jim Norwood. However, the character was somewhat different in this original incarnation. Although he was still blonde and stocky, in the original game Duke Nukem was a self-proclaimed hero hired by the CIA to stop madman Dr. Proton who has sieged earth's largest city with his robotic servants the Techbots. The original game was released as ''[[Duke Nukem I|Duke Nukem]]'' in [[1991 in video gaming|1991]] as a [[two dimensional]] [[platform game]]. This game was written for the [[IBM PC]] compatible, and featured 320Γ200, 16-color [[Enhanced Graphics Adapter|EGA]] graphics with vertical and horizontal scrolling. The original game had three episodes, the first distributed as [[shareware]]. ''Duke Nukem'' does not feature voices, and Duke spoke with mere text display on the screen such as "I'm gonna kick butt". The [[sequel]], ''[[Duke Nukem II]]'', was released [[1993 in video gaming|two years later]] and the same mostly-silent incarnation of the character was used, although he is now a hailed American hero. Duke Nukem must protect earth from an army of Rigelatins who plain to imprint his brain patterns on their war computer. The sequel was over four times larger and took advantage of 256-color [[Video Graphics Array|VGA]] graphics, [[Musical Instrument Digital Interface|MIDI]] music, and digitized sound. Only 16 colors were actually used on-screen at once; however, three different 16-color palettes were used. ''Duke Nukem II'' features an intro with one line spoken by Joe Siegler ("I'm Back"), and a death scream by character co-creator Todd Replogle.<ref>[http://forums.3drealms.com/vb/showpost.php?p=631066&postcount=28 Post on 3DR forums about Duke Nukem's voice]</ref> ===Title problems=== The first Duke Nukem game was titled ''Duke Nukem'', but Apogee learned that this name might have already been trademarked for the [[Duke Nukem (Captain Planet)|Duke Nukem]] character in ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]'', so they changed it to ''Duke Nukum'' for the 2.0 revision.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.3drealms.com/duke1/index.html |title=3DRealm's Official Duke Nukem I page |accessdate=2009-01-17 |work= |date= }}</ref> The name was later discovered not to be trademarked, so the spelling ''Duke Nukem'' was restored for ''Duke Nukem II'' and all successive Duke games. ===3D era=== The third game in the series was the [[first-person shooter]] entitled ''[[Duke Nukem 3D]]'' and was released in [[1996 in video gaming|1996]]. The game was set in the early 21st century with Duke battling with mutants and aliens. The game has improved graphics. ''Duke Nukem 3D'' was released for MS-DOS, [[Mac OS]], [[Sega Saturn]], [[Sega Mega Drive|Mega Drive]], [[Game.com]], [[Nintendo 64]], [[Playstation]] and later re-released in 2008 for [[Xbox Live Arcade]] and for the iPhone/iPod Touch and Nokia N900 in 2009. ''Duke Nukem 3D'' is perhaps the most recognized Duke Nukem game, with over a dozen expansion packs. For ''Duke Nukem 3D'' the character of Duke Nukem was dramatically designed by [[George Broussard]] and Allen Blum <ref>[http://forums.3drealms.com/vb/showthread.php?p=37205#post37205 Thread on 3DR forums about character design]</ref> to become the [[macho]], [[pun|wise-cracking]] character better known today. ''Duke Nukem 3D'' was one of the most controversial games at the time due to its strong language, sexual/[[misogynistic]] content, cultural stereotypes, and gratuitous violence. ''Duke Nukem 3D'', and in the dozen or so subsequent Duke Nukem games, feature [[Jon St. John]] as the voice of Duke Nukem.<ref name="stjohnimdb" /> ''Duke Nukem 3D'' was the first game in which the character has a significant speaking role. ===Full game list=== * ''[[Duke Nukem I|Duke Nukem]]'' (temporarily "Duke Nukum") β 1991 β [[MS-DOS]] * ''[[Duke Nukem II]]'' β 1993 β MS-DOS * ''[[Duke Nukem 3D]]'' β 1996 β MS-DOS, [[Mac OS]], [[Sega Saturn]], [[Sega Mega Drive|Mega Drive]], [[Xbox Live Arcade]], [[iPhone]], [[Game.com]], [[Nokia N900]] * ''[[Duke Nukem 64]]'' β 1997 β [[Nintendo 64]] * ''[[Duke Nukem: Total Meltdown]]'' β 1997 β PlayStation * ''[[Duke Nukem: Time to Kill]]'' β 1998 β PlayStation * ''[[Duke Nukem: Zero Hour]]'' β 1999 β [[Nintendo 64]] * ''[[Duke Nukem (Game Boy Color)|Duke Nukem GBC]]'' β 1999 β [[Game Boy Color]] * ''[[Duke Nukem: Land of the Babes]]'' (temporarily "Planet of the Babes") β 2000 β PlayStation * ''[[Duke Nukem: Manhattan Project]]'' β 2002 β [[Microsoft Windows]] * ''[[Duke Nukem Advance]]'' β 2002 β [[Game Boy Advance]] * ''[[Duke Nukem Mobile]]'' β 2004 β [[Tapwave Zodiac]] * ''[[Duke Nukem Mobile]]'' β 2004 β [[Cellular Phones]] * ''[[Duke Nukem Mobile#Duke Nukem Mobile on mobile phones|Duke Nukem Mobile 3D]]'' β 2005 β Cellular Phones * ''[[Duke Nukem Mobile#Duke Nukem Mobile II|Duke Nukem Mobile: Bikini Project]]'' β 2005 β Cellular Phones * ''[[Duke Nukem Arena]]'' - 2007 - Cellular Phones * ''[[Duke Nukem Trilogy]]'' β [[wiktionary:TBD|TBD]] β [[Nintendo DS|DS]], [[Sony PSP|PSP]] * ''[[Duke Nukem Forever]]'' β [[Development Hell]] (in development since 1997) β PC * ''[[Duke Begins]]'' β [[wiktionary:TBD|TBD]] (in development from 2007) β Presumably PC ===Cancelled games=== ''Duke Nukem: Endangered Species'' was announced in January 2001. It was to be a [[hunting]] game where the player could hunt everything from [[dinosaur]]s to [[snakes]],<ref>[http://www.3drealms.com/press/dnesfeatures.html "Duke Nukem: Endangered Species Hunter Features Revealed"]. 3D Realms. February 16, 2001</ref> using an improved version of the engine used in the ''[[Carnivores (series)|Carnivores]]'' series. The game was cancelled in December of that year.<ref>IGN Staff. [http://pc.ign.com/articles/100/100560p1.html "Endangered Species Extinct"]. IGN.com. December 18, 2001.</ref> The company that had been developing the game, Ukraine-based developer Action Forms, went on to develop its own game, ''[[Vivisector: Beast Inside]]'' (originally titled ''Vivisector: Creatures of Doctor Moreau'') instead. ''Duke Nukem Forever'' a side-scroller game was also cancelled. A [[PS2]] game called ''Duke Nukem D-Day'' (also known as Duke Nukem: Man Of Valor), was announced in 1999, renowned for having one of the longest development cycles of any title in the PlayStation 2's considerable history. Long rumored to implement the same technology that powered the PC version of [[Unreal]], the game sometimes erroneously referred to as Duke Nukem Forever PS2 (this console title was not to be a port of the PC game, and instead was a new creation by developer [[n-Space]]) consistently battled crippling delays; often putting in question its status as an active or cancelled game. The project was finally abandoned in 2003. ===Future=== {{main|Duke Nukem Forever}} The next installment in the video game series, ''[[Duke Nukem Forever]]'', has been in [[development hell]] for over a decade after being announced in early 1997.<ref>[http://www.planetduke.com/duke4/faq/general.shtml#1.5 Duke 4 FAQ - Planet Duke<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Subsequently the game has often been declared either "the longest game ever in production or an elaborate in-joke at the expense of the industry".<ref name="delarc">Walbank, Mark. "[http://www.computerandvideogames.com/article.php?id=174841 Feature: The Most Delayed Games]". ComputerAndVideoGames.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.</ref> DNF was announced in April 1997, and promotional information for the game was released in one form or another in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2007, 2008 and 2009. Due to this, the game had been subject to intense speculation and has won several [[vaporware]] awards. The development team was terminated in May 2009, but according to 3d Realms, the project has not officially been cancelled and the game is still in development. Although [[Take-Two Interactive]] still owns the publishing rights to the game, they do not have an agreement with 3D Realms to provide funding for the game's continued development.<ref name="shacknewscancelled">"http://www.shacknews.com/featuredarticle.x?id=1127". Shack News. Retrieved May 06, 2009.</ref> A lawsuit has been filed by Take-Two Interactive against 3D Realms over their failure to finish development of the game.<ref name="Take-Two Sues Duke Nukem Forever Devs Over Failure To Deliver">"http://kotaku.com/5255220/take+two-sues-duke-nukem-forever-devs-over-failure-to-deliver". Kotaku. Retrieved May 14, 2009.</ref>
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