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==Board games== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" !width="225px"| Subject(s) !width="250px"| Pioneer/Father/Mother !width="300px"| Reason(s) |- | '''[[Backgammon]]''' | [[wikipedia:Burzoe|Buzarjumihr/Bozorgmehr]] | Backgammon first mentioned in 6th century text ''Wızarisnı Catrang ud Nihisnı New Ardaxsır'', which credits Buzarjumihr/Bozorgmehr with invention in 5th century.<ref>Daryaee, Touraj (2006) in "Backgammon" in ''Medieval Islamic Civilization: An Encyclopedia'' ed. Meri, Josef W. & Bacharach, Jere L, pp. 88-89. Taylor & Francis.</ref> |- | '''[[Draughts|Checkerboard]]<br />[[Strategy game]]''' | [[wikipedia:Hatshepsut|Queen Hatasu]] | [https://ancientegypt.fandom.com Ancient Egyptian] [[wikipedia:Checkerboard|checkerboards]], found with their pieces in burial chambers, were played by Queen Hatasu in the 15th century BC.<ref name=strutt>{{cite book|last=Strutt|first=Joseph|title=The sports and pastimes of the people of England|location=London|year=1801|pages=255|url=http://books.google.com/?id=eJwSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA255#v=onepage&q=}}</ref><ref name=Ellensburgh>{{cite news|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=yo0KAAAAIBAJ&sjid=x0sDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1525%2C2429787|title= Lure of checkers|date=17 February 1916|work=The Ellensburgh Capital|pages=1|accessdate=2009-04-16}}</ref> |- | '''[[Chess]]''' | [[wikipedia:Ardashir I|Ardashir I]] | Chess first mentioned in ''[[wikipedia:Kar-Namag i Ardashir i Pabagan|Karnamak-i Ardeshir-i Papakan]]'', which mentions it as an accomplishment of Ardashir I in the 3rd century.<ref name=Bell1>{{cite book| last = Bell| first = Robert Charles| authorlink = Robert Charles Bell| title = Board and Table Games from Many Civilizations| publisher = Courier Dover Publications| year = 1979| isbn = 0-486-23855-5| page = 57}}</ref> |- | '''[[Draughts|Draughts / Checkers]]''' | [[wikipedia:Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani|Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani]] | Draughts first mentioned in his ''[[wikipedia:Kitab al-Aghani|Kitab al-Aghani]]'' in the 10th century.<ref name="gameplay">{{cite book|last=Oxland|first=Kevin|title=Gameplay and design|publisher=Pearson Education|year=2004 |edition=Illustrated|pages=333|isbn=978-0-321-20467-7 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=l05TkZFbS24C}}</ref> |- | '''[[Go]]''' | [[wikipedia:Zuo Qiuming|Zuo Qiuming]] | Go first mentioned in his ''[[wikipedia:Zuo Zhuan|Zuo Zhuan]]'',<ref>{{cite journal | last = Potter | first = Donald L. | year = 1985 | title= Go in the Classics (ii): the Tso-chuan | journal = [[Go World]] | issue = 42 | publisher = Ishi Press | location = Tokyo | pages = pp. 19–21 | url = http://www.kiseido.com/classics.htm | accessdate = 2007-11-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.pandanet.co.jp/English/essay/goancientchina.html | title = Go in Ancient China | last = Fairbairn | first = John | year = 1995 | accessdate = 2007-11-02}}</ref> published in the early 4th century BC. |- | '''[[Miniature wargaming]]''' | [[wikipedia:H.G. Wells|H.G. Wells]] <ref>[http://theminiaturespage.com/ref/minigide.html The Miniatures Page]. ''The World of Miniatures - An Overview''.</ref> | |- | '''[[Othello]]''' | [http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgamedesigner/9102/goro-hasegawa Goro Hasegawa] | Created by Goro Hasegawa in 1971, inspired by [[Go]]<ref name="mdigame">[http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Othello%3A+The+World's+Best+Selling+Licensed+Strategy+Game+Lands+in+MDI...-a094878240 "Othello: The World's Best Selling Licensed Strategy Game Lands in MDI Entertainment's Portfolio of Lottery Game Properties"], 4 December 2002.</ref> and [[Reversi]],<ref name="reversi"/> as well as [http://www.giantbomb.com/william-shakespeare/3005-19852/ Shakespeare's] ''[[wikipedia:Othello|Othello]]''. |- | '''[[Reversi]]''' | [[Lewis Waterman]]<br />[[John W. Mollett]] | Created by Lewis Waterman and John W. Mollett in 1882,<ref name="reversi">[http://www.beppi.it/public/OthelloMuseum/pages/history.php Brief history of Othello]</ref> inspired by [[Go]] and [[wikipedia:Gomoku|Gomoku]].<ref>[http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F01EEDB1139E033A25752C0A9649D94649ED7CF&scp=14&sq=reversi "FINE NEW GAMES AND TOYS; Now Ready for Distribution by the Agents of Santa Claus. IN THE MODERN WONDERLAND Millions Spent for the Amusement and Instruction of Children – Minds Active and Hands Busy All the Time"], ''New York Times'', 1 December 1895: "''Reversi is something like Go Bang, and is played with 64 pieces.''"</ref> |- | '''[[Role-playing game]] (RPG)''' | [http://www.giantbomb.com/e-gary-gygax/3040-25447/ Gary Gygax] <ref>{{cite web | last=Rausch | first=Allen | date=August 15, 2004 | title=Gary Gygax Interview - Part I | work=[[GameSpy]] | url=http://pc.gamespy.com/articles/538/538817p1.html | accessdate=2005-01-03}}</ref> | Creator of ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]''. |- | '''[[Wargaming]]''' | [[wikipedia:Charles S. Roberts|Charles S. Roberts]] <ref>[http://www.alanemrich.com/CSR_pages/CSRfoundingfather.htm "Charles S. Roberts: The Founding Father"]</ref> | |}
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